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摘要

 倫理議題在當代的重要性，是因為倫理是探討人與人之間關係中秩序的安排與價值，在多元、多角色的現代，倫理就相形重要。在儒家中曾子可謂對孔子倫理思想得其精要，所以提出「曾子倫理思想之探究」。本論文的目的在探討曾子的倫理思想，共分五章。第一章中對於研究曾子參考文獻的釐定，第二章則提出曾子對於孔子仁、禮、孝這三個德目的繼承，曾子並且將這三個德目落實在他的生命中，第三章談到曾子以身體觀開展出修養觀及孝道觀，建構其倫理思想體系，第四章對於曾子倫理議題提出討論，包括家庭倫理中父子關係、夫婦關係、長幼關係與政治社會倫理中君臣關係、朋友關係，並提出當代反思。在最後結論筆者認為曾子的倫理思想可以適度的解決家庭、社會的種種倫理問題。儘管時代的進步、社會結構的改變，但所面臨的倫理問題，諸如家庭倫理問題，提出孝道的重建；人際關係的衝突提出修養觀來應對；對身體的戕害而提出曾子的身體觀來因應，因此曾子所建構的倫理思想是可以應用於現代。

關鍵字：曾子、倫理、孝、身體觀、修養論

Abstract

Ethical issues are important because they concern with the order among people as well as values. These issues are especially important in societies with plurality nowadays. Among Confucians, Tseng-Tzu grasps the central ideas of Confucius’ ethical thought. Therefore, understanding Tseng-Tzu’s thought is helpful to get a clearer picture of Confucian ethical thought. This essay has five parts to concern with Tseng-Tzu’s ethical thought. The first chapter is a discussion of the studies of Tseng-Tzu’s thought. In the next chapter, I will show that Tseng-Tzu inherited the virtues benevolence (ren 仁), rites (li 禮) and filial piety(xiao 孝) from Confucius and how he practiced these virtues in his life. In the third chapter, I attempt to show how Tseng Tzu built his views of cultivation and filial piety through the view of body to construct his ethical thought. In the fourth chapter, I will discuss the issues about Tseng-Tzu’s ethical thoughts, including family relations, such as parents and children, husband and wife and elder brother and younger brother, and political and social relations, such as monarch-subject and friendships. Finally, I suggest we can find ways to solve family and social problems. Although the world is not the same as before, we can solve the family problem with Tseng-Tzu’s reconstruction of xiao, solve the conflicts among people with his view of cultivation, and solve the problems of hurting bodies with his view of body. Therefore, I suggest Tseng-Tzu’s thought can be applied to today.