《韓非子》論「勢」
摘要
《韓非子》一書是以「法」、「術」、「勢」三者為主要元素所組成的理論架構，本文的主旨在於釐清該書中「勢」以及與其他重要概念的關連性，並進一步澄清韓非子的治國理論。本文首先說明韓非子其人其書的背景與其學術淵源；其次，比較韓非與慎到對「勢」看法之異同，並釐清「勢」的概念內涵；其三，將「勢」與「法」、「術」、「道」等重要概念之關連性說明清楚。最後總結「法」、「術」、「勢」「道」四者概念的結構關係，並與現今法理學以及法律制度作一比較探討，且試圖指出《韓非子》一書的思想在今日仍有可取之價值。
關鍵字：勢、術、法、道、自然之勢、人設之勢、中材之主、明君
Abstract
There are three important concepts in the book the Hanfeizi: Fa (法), Shu (術), and Shi (勢); these three concepts form the structure of the book. The goal of this thesis is to first make clear the concept of Shi (勢), and then discuss the relation of the concept of Shi (勢) to other important concepts in the Hanfeizi. After this discussion, I shall then clarify the political theory of Hanfeizi. In this thesis, there are four parts: firstly, an introduction of the background of Hanfeizi himself and his book, the Hanfeizi, and those who influenced him. Secondly, a comparison of Hanfeizi’s and Shenzi’s views about the concept of Shi (勢), and to investigate the similarities and differences between the two philosophers views of Shi (勢), then from the two philosophers viewpoints clarify the concept of Shi (勢). Thirdly, an account of the relation of the four concepts: Fa(法), Shu (術), Shi (勢) and Tao (道). Finally, I shall sum up the relation of the four concepts and compare them with the philosophy of law (or jurisprudence), and discuss to what extent the Hanfeizi still has value and function in the society of today.
Key words：Shi, Shu, Fa,Tao, The political purchase from the consanguinity, The political purchase from the law, A common ruler, Enlightened sovereign.