>>論文摘要下載（pdf格式）

摘要

 對於未來科技誕生的新產物，我們有必要去探討新產物它們的權利和地位的定義，不然人們很可能會盲目的任意使用或處理新產物，不管它們是甚麼「新物種(new species)」。這些任意使用或處理的行為就會和道德相互衝突，造成道德窘困的產生。為了要解決道德窘困，我們必須思考「任意對待」這些新產物的後果，像是克隆體或是人工智能機。不過，發明這些新產物主要還是看上它們具有龐大的利益，或者可以帶來人們更方便生活和醫療幫助；而如何權衡利益與道德考量的平衡，即是本論文聚焦的重點。特別像對克隆體和人工智能機的發明和侵犯，以道德角度去看待這些行為，不管它們是否為「人」，從旁觀者來看至少都會覺得不適，引發不少聲音開始為它們發出不平之鳴，認為它們也應該擁有基本的權利，而不應被人類當成工具盲目的使用。因此，本文的研究將會以墮胎做為起點，並將探討的重要觀點和結果延伸到克隆技術和人工智能機的議題中，藉由每個議題所遇到的道德窘困做為討論的主軸，且以人視觀和神視觀兩種不同的視眼去比對探討得出較為廣泛的解釋，期待能某種程度解決道德窘困的難題。

關鍵字：道德窘困、克隆體、人工智能機、基本權利、墮胎、人視觀、神視觀

Abstract

For the new products of the future technology, it is necessary to explore the definition of the rights and status of new products. Otherwise, people will likely blindly use new products, no matter what they are. However, these arbitrary use and behaviors will conflict with morality, resulting in a moral predicament. In order to solve the moral predicament, we must think about the consequences of "arbitrarily treating" these new products, such as clones or artificial intelligence machines.

However, invent these new products mainly depends on their huge interests bring people more convenient life and medical support, but how to balance between all of the interests and moral considerations is the most important points of this paper. Especially like the invention and an infringement of clones and artificial intelligence machines. From views of morality, “whether they are 'people' ”, these behaviors are uncomfortable and unfair. Hence, some people believe clones and artificial intelligence machines deserve basic rights and shouldn't use by human as tools.

Therefore, this paper will use abortion as a starting point, and extend the topic of cloning technology and artificial intelligence machine with the moral predicament as the main axis of the discussion. And use two perspectives of human vision and divine vision to compare and get a wider interpretation, and hope to solve the problem of moral predicament.