蒯因論邏輯真
摘要
蒯因《邏輯哲學》全面性地論述邏輯真的定義、本質、基礎，蒯因認為邏輯真的基礎是真理與文法，在真理這方面他是基於塔斯基以滿足進路定義的真理，他也提供一套標準的文法建構，從結構、取代、模型、證明、文法這五個方面去定義邏輯真。對蒯因而言，文法是關連於語言學，而真理是關連於世界，邏輯真是基於文法與真理這兩個部分。他反對卡納普的邏輯真的語言學學說所主張的邏輯真是純粹由於語言而為真。此外，我也會檢視邏輯真與分析真、必然真之間的關連性，以及蒯因如何解決等同性對於結構性的邏輯真定義所產生的威脅。
關鍵詞： 真理、滿足、文法、邏輯真、結構、取代、證明、模型、文法、分析真、邏輯真的基礎、邏輯真的語言學學說、必然真、等同性
Abstract
Quine’s Philosophy of Logic comprehensively discusses the definition, essence, and foundation of logical truth. Quine believes that the ground of logical truth is truth and grammar; with respect to truth, he bases his views on Tarski’s definition of truth through satisfaction, and also provides a standard logical grammar, and defines logical truth in terms of the five aspects of structure, substitution, model, proof, and grammar. For Quine, grammar is connected to linguistics, whereas truth is connected to the world; logical truth is based upon the two concepts of grammar and truth. Quine is opposed to Carnap’s linguistic doctrine that logical truths are true purely due to language. In addition, I will analyze the connection between logical truth, analytic truth, and necessary truth, as well as how Quine resolves the threat identity poses to the structural definition of logical truth.
Keywords: ?truth, satisfaction, grammar, logical truth, structure, substitution, proof, model, analytic truth, the ground of logical truths, linguistic doctrine of logical truth, necessary truth, identity