A Sociological Study of Identity Formation Among the Rusyn Ethnic Minority :
A Case Study in Slovakia
Aro Chikashige
The aim of this article is to reveal
the principle of symbiosis through focusing on identity formation among minority
Rusyn people who live in the eastern part of Slovakia. In this area, in which
over many years a society was formed in which many ethnic groups coexist, people
have cultivated a self-identity rich in plasticity in response to various social
changes. The present writer investigated the culture and society of the Rusyn
empirically and summarized results of this research in the context of a global
ethnicity problem. According to this research, the complicated identity formation
process of the Rusyn people is analyzed as a helix model. There are two groups
among the Rusyn people, the pro-Rusyn who tend to be strongly Rusyn oriented,
and "daily cultural Rusyn". The latter forms the basis of the helix
model of identity formation. Furthermore, based on these verifications, it is
concluded that the identity of Rusyn is an identity as a credo.
Key word:
Nationalism, globalization, ethnic minority, the helix model of identity formation,
symbiosis
羅塞尼亞少數族群認同形塑的社會學研究:
以斯洛伐克的個案研究為例
*Aro Chikashige
*Institute of social sciences (guest fellow), Chuo University,
Japan
這篇論文的目的在於探索東斯洛伐克羅賽尼亞(Rusyn)少數族群,認同形塑的共棲原則(the principle of symbiosis)。在這個區域中,長久以來就是一個多群族共存的社會。其住民已經發展出來一種自我身份認同,可以充分彈性地回應多變的社會變遷。研究者透過經驗性地調查羅賽尼亞的社會與文化,並將其置放在一個全球化族群問題的脈絡中來總結本研究。本研究指出,羅賽尼亞人複雜的認同形塑過程可以一個螺旋式的模型來分析。羅賽尼亞人是由兩個團體所組成,一是原型羅賽尼亞人(pro-Rusyn),他們是強烈羅賽尼亞導向的(Rusyn oriented),另一則是「日常羅賽尼亞文化人」(daily cultural Rusyn)。後者構成螺旋模型的基礎。基於這些證據,本文認為羅賽尼亞的認同如同宗教信仰(credo) 。
關鍵字:國族主義、全球化、少數族群、認同形塑的螺旋式模型、共棲(symbiosis)